(3) During
the field research I was able to gather data from three provinces of West
Sumatra, Riau and East Kalimantan by interviewing key persons and collecting
primary documents. Important primary resources such as business contracts,
correspondence letters of various governmental agencies, letters of correspondence
between central government offices and companies, letters of agreements between
the disputing parties, legal documents from opposing parties (when cases
went to the court) were also collected. Interviews with key persons both
in Jakarta and in the regions were also carried out. In Padang (West Sumatra),
where the Semen Padang plant is located, interviews with the commissioners
of Semen Padang, members of the Provincial House of Representative, a regional
legislative body (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah, DPRD), and NGO activists
were conducted. The research in Padang lasted 12 days. Then the research
moved to Pekanbaru where the Bumi Siak Pusako (BSP) and Pekanbaru Coastal
Plain oil fields are located. The research here lasted 13 days, and I was
able to interview the Director of BSP, members of DPRD, and NGO activists.
In Samarinda, East Kalimantan, my field research lasted 15 days. Local government
officials (provincial and ex-regent of East Kutai) were interviewed. The
remaining days were used for fieldwork in Jakarta and for interviewing directors
of Kaltim Prima Coal, and the director of Semen Gresik (the parent company
of Semen Padang).