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My field research was conducted from May 28 to July 7, and again from August 10 to September 13, 2004, in Hong Kong, Singapore and Shanghai. The surveys included: a. interviews; b. market and shop surveys; c. data collection from local sources; and d. observation and evaluation of the local media scenes.
The main results of this specific field research are as follows:
- There are a variety of Japanese popular cultural products, which are widely disseminated, popularized and consumed in cities in East Asia.
- Japanese music and Japanese TV programs have become an integral part of the local media scenes in Hong Kong and Singapore, within the confluence of American, Chinese and Korean media products.
- The Japanese media industries and their products often serve as examples and models for indigenous industries in Hong Kong and Singapore.
- The main consumers of Japanese music and TV programs in Hong Kong, Singapore and Shanghai are young people, usually between 16 and 24 years old, and are generally of middle-class background.
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The Japanese section of a music shop in Hong Kong. |
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A large advertising poster in Shanghai. It is an indication of the city's changing scenery and enrichment, and shows a variety of new images and lifestyle possibilities. |
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This picture, taken in Shanghai, shows how both Mao and Doraemon have become pop-culture idols depicted in an everyday consumption product. |
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The local Japanese-like girl duet "twins" appear in an advertisement in Singapore. |